It was just that last time he ate too much. After one day it got better. My little dog often behaves like this. Older people often say dogs should not be fed too full.
1 Give him some intestinal tablets or trumpet tablets and Huanglian su tablets; they work well. Steam some meat patties with rice for him (the rice should be soft). If it doesn’t work, go to the hospital for a checkup.
2 Too long, I can’t fully tell you here, you can visit this website; I think it’s good.

About choosing a dog:

Actually, there is already very detailed knowledge. But it is not very easy to understand.
They are mostly academic terms, which cause dizziness when reading and are troublesome to lookup. I hope this post can help you. In addition, there are many folk remedies that are usually hard to find.
Because this is a personal experience summary, I try to be accurate and detailed. But my ability is limited, and I am not a professional veterinarian. So there may still be many inaccuracies and shortcomings. I hope friends can timely inform me.
Main content:
1: What to pay attention to when just raising a dog
2: Physiological knowledge about dogs.
3: How to train dogs to defecate at fixed points and methods to stop and correct wrong behaviors.
4: Essential household medicines and their treatment uses.
5: Strange odor in dog ears. How to care daily.
6: How to express the dog's anal glands.
7: How to bathe a dog.
8: Foods dogs must never eat.
9: Proper feeding and daily nutrition.
10: About mites.
Skin diseases (with folk remedies).
11: About dog estrus.
12: How to judge if a female dog is pregnant and how to care for pregnant and lactating females and puppies.
13: Types of vaccines, best immunization times and process.
14: About canine distemper (with folk remedies).
15: About parvovirus (with folk remedies).
16: Common causes of dog diarrhea.
17: About dog colds and heatstroke.
18: Daily care of eyes, nose, and teeth.
19: About pregnant women and toxoplasmosis.

Chapter 1: What to pay attention to when just raising a dog.
Many friends are raising a dog for the first time, so there are many things they don’t understand well. Below I will briefly mention some issues to pay attention to when just raising a dog.
First: It’s best to buy puppies from professional kennels or individual breeders. This guarantees the puppy’s health, and generally, such puppies have been vaccinated. If you buy puppies from street dog dealers, it is recommended to take the puppy to a pet hospital for a detailed check and communicate with the doctor about vaccination schedules. Because puppies from dog dealers come from complex growth environments, their health is not guaranteed, and dealers usually inject serum for sale puppies, so you can’t be sure if the puppy is sick until it gets sick.
Everything will be over by then.
Second: When a puppy arrives at a new environment, it may bark restlessly, especially when the lights go out at night. As the owner, you should prepare enough food and water for the puppy, a warm and comfortable nest or mat, put an old soft piece of your clothing on it, and place the nest where it can always see you (such as beside the bed or bedroom wall) to reduce its fear.
If it keeps howling, don’t turn on the light to comfort it every time it howls; comfort it twice, and after a few days, it will naturally be quiet.
Third: Feeding problems. Puppies generally need to be fed 3 to 4 times a day. For puppies younger than one and a half months, it is recommended to feed puppy-specific milk powder (which is more expensive), baby skim milk powder, baby rice cereal, oatmeal porridge, cornmeal porridge. These are easy to digest and nutritionally suitable for puppies. Puppies over two months can almost be fed puppy food but should soak it soft before feeding. To boost nutrition, you can feed pet-specific supplements (details about supplements are below).
Fourth: Puppies just at home cannot be bathed, especially those not yet vaccinated. If feeling dirty, use a towel dipped in warm water to wipe the puppy's body or buy a pet-specific dry shampoo powder (more suitable for long-haired dogs).
Fifth: Puppies just at home usually are not very conscious of fixed place defecating and urinating. Like human babies, puppies may go anywhere. Owners should take an tolerant attitude and prepare for training. Normal puppy feces are generally yellow or yellow-brown, with some variations related to food. The hardness should be moderate, and it’s best if you can pick it up easily from the ground.
Sixth: No matter how hot the weather is, dogs should not be exposed to air conditioning for a long time, especially puppies. Avoid air conditioning, which easily causes colds and diseases. Even fans should not blow directly on dogs. Keep warm in cold weather.
Seventh: Puppies under three months without vaccination should not be taken out.
Eighth: Some puppies love to destroy things or even bite owners' hands and feet because of growing milk teeth and the itchiness. You should buy some teething toys like chew bones (rawhide, edible), dental ropes, dog chew sticks, vegetable sticks, etc. Biting hands and feet may be a sign of affection; puppies don't know force control and may hurt. When hurting, they will let go and cry loudly. Dogs grabbing clothes, if toys are sufficient, may be calling to go out or out of curiosity during shaking clothes, as dogs like moving objects.
If it grabs clothes often, owners should open its mouth and give toys instead, telling it this is a toy. If necessary, lightly tap its forehead and nose or discipline.
Ninth: Some dogs eat their own feces or soil due to lack of trace elements or pica. Usually, dogs eating balanced dog food won’t eat feces. Correction method: balanced nutrition plus pet-specific anti-coprophagia tablets.
Tenth: Dogs, like humans, sleep dream, snore, fart, and cry. Don’t be surprised by these problems, it’s normal.
That’s mostly what I can think of. If there are more questions later, I will add gradually.

Chapter 2: Physiological knowledge about dogs.
Many friends have raised dogs for many years, but may not fully understand dog physiology. Below is some common sense physiological knowledge I compiled. Learn more about our beloved dogs!
1. Do you know how many hours your dog needs to sleep daily?
Answer: Puppies about 20 hours; adult dogs 10–15 hours.
2. Do you know the body temperature of adult dogs?
Healthy dog temperature (measured by rectum):
Small dogs: puppies 38.5-39℃, adults 38-39℃
Medium dogs: puppies 38.5-39℃, adults 38-38.5℃
Large dogs: puppies 38.2-39℃, adults 37.5-39℃
3. What is the average lifespan of dogs?
Generally, small dogs live longer than large dogs; average about 12 years.
4. How many teeth do adult dogs have?
42 teeth
5. How many toes on front and hind paws?
Front 5 toes, back 4 toes.
6. Why is a dog’s nose always wet?
Dogs constantly lick their nose to keep it moist, so more cells contact odor molecules, keeping their sense of smell sharp.
7. Can dogs distinguish colors?
No, dogs have very poor color vision; basically colorblind.
8. Can dogs directly absorb nutrients from fresh fruits and vegetables?
No, dogs cannot absorb plant proteins; they must convert them into animal proteins inside.
9. When choosing food, do dogs rely more on smell, taste, or sight?
Smell; dogs have poor taste but very sensitive smell, so they often eat food that smells good but tastes average.
10. When it's hot, should long-haired dogs be shaved for comfort?
No, because dogs sweat mainly through tongue and paw pads; almost no sweat glands on their body. Shaving exposes skin to sunburn.
12. Can dogs suffer from mental anxiety and depression?
Yes, dogs are very sensitive animals.
13. Can dogs understand your words?
No, but they can understand your tone.
14. Various physiological functions:
Heart rate: adult 70–130 bpm, puppy 200 bpm
Respiration: 10–30 breaths/min
Pulse: 70–120 bpm
Normal heart axis: 40°–100°
Total blood volume: 8%–9% of body weight
Tidal volume: 251–432 ml
Systolic pressure: 14.9 kPa (range 12.7–18.1)
Diastolic pressure: 7.5 kPa (range 5.8–9.7)
Chromosomes: 78
Plasma volume: 55.2 ml/kg body weight (range 47.7–73.0)

Chapter 3: Training dogs to defecate at fixed points and stopping wrong behavior.
Let’s start with defecation problems:
I think this is a headache for most dog owners. After researching, I feel no method is absolutely effective; mainly it depends on the owner’s patience and tolerance. Let me briefly share my method.
Puppies around 1 month old cannot control defecation; mostly mother dogs lick their anus to stimulate defecation. Owners can use a cotton swab to gently massage the puppy’s anus to induce defecation.
At about 2 months, puppies can control but have not formed fixed place defecation habits. Puppies newly at home often pee and poop everywhere due to territorial instincts. Owners must not punish puppies, especially not long after defecation, as it causes fear and confusion.
If you have enough time to train, the problem is easier. First, determine the fixed place you want the puppy to defecate at home. Place a dog toilet there (newspaper can also be used but some dogs tear it). Place pee pads or newspapers with urine or small feces to attract.
Observe your dog carefully. Dogs usually want to pee or poop after waking or eating. Puppies defecate often, so pay attention. When it sniffs, circles, or prepares to posture, pick it up quickly and carry to the toilet. The puppy may be confused but it’s okay. Comfort it softly with phrases like: "Good, pee here, good dog gets a reward." Even if dogs don’t understand words, they feel your tone, so keep it gentle for your and the dog’s sake.
If the dog pees on the toilet, praise it softly immediately (food rewards are better) and pet it. If the dog tries elsewhere, don’t give up; bring it back until it defecates on the toilet. Be patient and persistent. Smart dogs learn within about a week; stubborn ones may take about a month.
If the dog pees elsewhere when you don’t watch, punishment is useless unless caught immediately. Then, sternly say "No!" and lightly tap the head so the dog knows it’s forbidden.
Adult dogs: I personally think it’s best to defecate outside and get more exercise.
Take dogs out for walks twice a day at fixed times and routes. Don’t expect dogs to hold urine for long; even adults get uncomfortable after 10 hours. Even if dogs defecate outside daily, have a designated place at home for bad weather days.
Adult dogs don’t need much specific training; just have fixed walks twice a day and routine routes so the dog forms habits. Dogs instinctively urinate to mark territory. Fixed routes help dogs find scent marks, making defecation conditioned reflex.
At walks, it’s good to let dogs run a bit to help defecation and health. Also, be civilized: bring newspapers or plastic bags to clean up waste; have a small towel to wipe the dog’s rear after defecation; wipe dog’s body and paws carefully after walking.
Common problematic behaviors include frequent barking and destroying household items.
For barking puppies, I covered above.
Adult barking is often natural. Dogs have been bred for guarding, so they bark when strangers approach to warn owners and protect them. We can’t punish such responsible dogs but softly comfort them saying everything is fine and pet them.
Destruction by dogs often happens when owners are away for long times; dogs act out of loneliness and anxiety, looking for things with owner’s scent like shoes, socks, clothes, and may spread feces around to make the area smell familiar for safety.
Owners should spend more time playing and talking with the dog. If leaving it home alone, leave some old clothes with your scent near it. Also, store away items you don’t want destroyed. Before going out, talk to the dog: "Mommy goes to earn money to buy you treats; be good at home." Comfort your lonely dog.
That’s all I can think of now; will keep adding.
Total blood volume: 941 ml/kg body weight (range 765.7–1073).

Chapter 4: Essential household medicines and their uses.
This is important and every owner should know. As it’s my personal experience, there may be other needed medicines; please remind me so I can add.
Hydrogen peroxide: for general external wounds, clean wounds first.
Yunnan Baiyao: if dog bleeds, apply powder to wounds; if bleeding heavily, dog can take some internally.
Anti-inflammatory powder (sulfonamide crystals): common and effective wound anti-inflammatory; apply on wound surface then wrap to prevent licking.
Gentian violet: use during wound skin growth.
Erythromycin ointment: use during wound healing and for purulent skin diseases.
Polysporin ointment: for local skin redness, hair loss, Shar Pei and pugs with many skin folds should have this ready; also effective for pug’s nose fold inflammation and discharge with odor.
Alcohol wipes: for local cleaning and disinfecting.
Medical cotton swabs and balls: self-explanatory.
Chloramphenicol eye drops: treat dog eye redness and heavy discharge.
Tetracycline: treats dog diarrhea caused mainly by diet or cold.
Gentamicin: can be tablets or injections; treats diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, cold.
Multi-enzyme tablets, pepsin tablets, compound vitamins: greatly help puppies with indigestion and poor appetite, effectively regulating their digestive function.
Banlangen granules: prevent and treat dog colds.
Glucose powder: good for dogs who like drinking it; essential if dog refuses food when sick.
Children’s cold granules: best choice for runny nose, poor appetite, and colds.
Anti-inflammatory baby powder: many don’t know its use. Short-haired dogs in summer may have prickly heat or eczema; powder works well. Shar Pei, pugs with skin folds can be powdered to prevent inflammation; works great on pug nose folds.
There may be others I didn’t think of; please remind.

Chapter 5: Dog ear odor and daily care.
Dog ear canals are covered with dense ear hair, which if not cleaned regularly, easily causes dirt and ear mites. Normal ear canals should be clean, odorless, pink, and without dirt.
If dogs shake heads unnaturally or scratch ears, it means ears are uncomfortable and need cleaning.
My method: first clean outer ear with alcohol cotton balls. Check deep inside for dirt; if present, gently clean with cotton swabs. If dirt is hard to clean, leave it for now. Don’t insert too deep to avoid hurting the inner ear, causing head shaking.
Then use pet-specific ear drops: put 2 drops in ear, fold ear and gently massage for 1 minute. Check inside again; hard dirt softens and can be cleaned with swabs.
Clean ears once weekly. If ears are red, swollen, very itchy, smelly, or have lots of earwax, clean daily for 3 days until clear; then reduce frequency until normal.
Initially, dogs may resist cleaning due to discomfort; don’t give up. Two people cooperating is best: one holds the dog’s head, the other cleans, soothing the dog gently with massage and soft talk to calm it.
Dog ear hair should be trimmed moderately; excessive hair blocks ventilation, causing inflammation.
"Ladies’ eyebrow razor" is very useful. Hold ear and trim hair inside close to skin with the razor carefully.
One, two, three… lots of hair comes off. Trim edges slowly, layer by layer until skin is reached; dogs then cooperate because no pain.
Outside of ear should not be trimmed with eyebrow razor; use dog-special hair trimmer (~10-20 yuan).
Because eyebrow razors cut hair too short, affecting appearance.
Hair trimmers have special construction with one serrated and one flat blade, ideal for dog fur.

Chapter 6: How to express a dog’s anal glands.
If your dog licks anus, scoots butt on the floor, darts or chases tail, or constantly licks or bites tail base, it means your dog needs anal gland expression.
Regularly expressing anal glands is important not only to remove dog’s body odor.
If not expressed regularly, anal gland inflammation and abscess may occur, leading to lethargy, refusal to eat, or constipation.
Express during each bath, as follows:
Step 1: Lift dog’s tail up to expose anus, facing the anus.
Step 2: Treat anus as a clock face; place index finger and thumb at 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock positions. Press from inside out, from gentle to firm. Cover anus with tissue or cotton to prevent splashing.
If glands are blocked for some time, secretion looks like toothpaste being squeezed out, not sprayed, and light pressure can release it.
Normal secretion is light yellow-brown, ranging from watery to pasty, with a foul smell.
If you feel blockage but cannot express it, glands are clogged and must soon be treated by a vet.
This requires owners to learn slowly; if not confident, go to pet groomers to let professionals do it, as improper attempts cause dog discomfort and resistance.

Chapter 7: How to bathe a dog.
Bathing is fairly easy but needs attention.
Dogs under 3 months cannot be bathed due to weak immunity and easy colds.
Sick dogs shouldn’t be bathed as it worsens illness.
Lactating females should not be bathed to avoid stress causing nursing problems or illness.
For the above cases, wipe with warm water towel or use dry shampoo powder (more effective but costly).
Small dogs need bath about every 2 weeks; medium and large breeds about every month. Frequent baths may cause skin disease and rough fur.
Some dogs fear baths; owners should try to keep dogs calm during baths with gentle correct methods so dogs gradually get used to it.
First: Water temperature ~40°C, warm enough to feel slightly hot to human hand. Dogs have higher body temp, so this temperature is safe.
Always use warm water winter or summer, and dry thoroughly after bath. Blow drying until dog starts to pant is best. For dogs terrified of dryers, use big towels and rub quickly.
Second: Brush dog’s fur before bathing to prevent tangles.
Avoid soap or shampoo getting into eyes or ears.
Wash in order: back, shoulders, abdomen, hind legs, front legs, head (order flexible). Rinse fully to remove all soap.
Last: Dry and blow, then brush fur again.
After bath, dog usually wants to defecate; owners know what to do. Dogs get excited, play with them, and then sleep peacefully.

Chapter 8: Foods dogs must never eat.
1. Chocolate: fatal; absolutely never.
2. Onion and garlic: cause hemolytic anemia.
3. Chicken bones: hollow and easily broken; scratch esophagus or stomach, cause bloody diarrhea.
4. Other bones and fish: can eat if big whole bones or pressure-cooked until soft. Remove fish bones carefully.
5. Raw eggs: do not eat; damage fur and cause diarrhea. Cooked eggs are fine.
6. Raw meat: causes diarrhea and parasite diseases; avoid.
7. Milk: puppies can’t drink; milk differs from dog milk and causes diarrhea. Adult dogs occasionally can drink if they like.
8. Grapes: don’t feed unless sure; some dogs are allergic causing kidney failure.
9. Wild mushrooms: toxic; avoid.
10. Spicy food: chili, ginger, garlic, pepper, star anise, etc. Do not feed; avoid behavioral problems.
11. High-fat, oily food: avoid for puppies; adults should eat little to avoid obesity.
12. Animal liver: critical to avoid excess, especially for small dogs; causes vitamin A poisoning and mineral deficiencies. Occasionally is ok.
13. Excess salt food: human food usually too salty and oily for dogs. Though owners often feed snacks, it’s best to minimize.

Symptoms of poisoning for reference:
1. Chocolate (caffeine poisoning): excessive salivation, frequent urination, pupil dilation, rapid heartbeat, vomiting, diarrhea, extreme excitement, tremors, coma.
2. Onion (disulfide poisoning): weight loss, fatigue, lethargy, frequent panting, depression, rapid pulse, weakness, gum and mouth membrane secretion.
3. Liver (vitamin A poisoning): malformed bones, fast growing elbow/spinal bones, weight loss, anorexia.
4. Bones (not poisoning but risk of choking): pale cyanotic gums, gasping, open mouth breathing, face pawing, shallow and slow breaths, unconsciousness, dilated pupils, shock.
5. Raw eggs (biotin deficiency): hair loss, weakness, slow growth, bone deformities.
6. Raw meat (salmonella and clostridium poisoning): very poor appetite, high fever, diarrhea, dehydration, abdominal pain, lethargy; vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea with blood, shock and paralysis.
7. Grapes (kidney failure): vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, abdominal pain; severe cases cause oliguria or anuria and kidney failure.
You may ask why I don’t describe treatment. Because if your dog shows such symptoms, you should immediately go to the hospital!

Chapter 9: Correct feeding and daily nutrition.
Feeding:
Puppies need frequent small meals, 3-4 times a day. I covered this above.
Adult dogs: Scientifically one meal a day suffices, but I personally feel two meals a day are better for health and preventing hypoglycemia.
Don’t overfeed dogs; about 80% full is best; gradually find the right portion. Ideally, dogs finish their bowls.
Busy or convenience-seeking owners can feed only dog food, since dog food is nutritionally complete and balanced.
But feeding dry food only every day can be boring for dogs. When free and in a good mood, owners can prepare some nutritious homemade dog food.
Here are a few recipes I use:
(1) Main ingredients: chicken liver and cornmeal.
Plus a cooked egg, potatoes, and vegetables.
Wash chicken liver, put cornmeal in a small bowl with water, steam chicken liver in a steamer with the cornmeal bowl on top, steam for 10 minutes. (If troublesome, boil chicken liver and microwave cornmeal for about 2 minutes.)
Meanwhile, cut potatoes into small cubes and chop vegetables, blanch with boiling water.
After steaming, chop chicken liver, mix with cornmeal, stir in egg yolk and liver, add potatoes and vegetables, mix well.
Good to stimulate appetite or help weak dogs.
(2) Ground beef or pork.
Better to buy lean meat and ask butcher to grind it to avoid fatty cheap mince.
Method: lightly stir-fry mince with a very little vegetable oil or just blanch with boiling water.
Cook cornmeal porridge separately by boiling water and cornmeal.
Put minced meat into porridge once boiling, add finely chopped vegetables like radish, bok choy, potatoes (potatoes must be steamed first). Slight salt can be added.
Cook until vegetables fully cooked; nutritious and tasty.
(3) Buy a chicken carcass, clean and boil with little water for about half an hour.
Sick dog?
Maybe ate something dirty.
Need to give medicine!
Or go to pet hospital!